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Set up Ingress on Minikube with the NGINX Ingress Controller

An Ingress is an API object that defines rules which allow external access to services in a cluster. An Ingress controller fulfills the rules set in the Ingress.

This page shows you how to set up a simple Ingress which routes requests to Service 'web' or 'web2' depending on the HTTP URI.

Before you begin

This tutorial assumes that you are using minikube to run a local Kubernetes cluster. Visit Install tools to learn how to install minikube.

You need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:

Your Kubernetes server must be at or later than version 1.19. To check the version, enter kubectl version. If you are using an older Kubernetes version, switch to the documentation for that version.

Create a minikube cluster

If you haven't already set up a cluster locally, run minikube start to create a cluster.

Enable the Ingress controller

  1. To enable the NGINX Ingress controller, run the following command:

    minikube addons enable ingress
    
  2. Verify that the NGINX Ingress controller is running

    kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
    

    The output is similar to:

    NAME                                        READY   STATUS      RESTARTS    AGE
    ingress-nginx-admission-create-g9g49        0/1     Completed   0          11m
    ingress-nginx-admission-patch-rqp78         0/1     Completed   1          11m
    ingress-nginx-controller-59b45fb494-26npt   1/1     Running     0          11m
    

Deploy a hello, world app

  1. Create a Deployment using the following command:

    kubectl create deployment web --image=gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0
    

    The output should be:

    deployment.apps/web created
    

    Verify that the Deployment is in a Ready state:

    kubectl get deployment web 
    

    The output should be similar to:

    NAME   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
    web    1/1     1            1           53s
    
  2. Expose the Deployment:

    kubectl expose deployment web --type=NodePort --port=8080
    

    The output should be:

    service/web exposed
    
  3. Verify the Service is created and is available on a node port:

    kubectl get service web
    

    The output is similar to:

    NAME      TYPE       CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
    web       NodePort   10.104.133.249   <none>        8080:31637/TCP   12m
    
  4. Visit the Service via NodePort, using the minikube service command. Follow the instructions for your platform:

    minikube service web --url
    

    The output is similar to:

    http://172.17.0.15:31637
    

    Invoke the URL obtained in the output of the previous step:

    curl http://172.17.0.15:31637 
    

    # The command must be run in a separate terminal.
    minikube service web --url 
    

    The output is similar to:

    http://127.0.0.1:62445
    ! Because you are using a Docker driver on darwin, the terminal needs to be open to run it.
    

    From a different terminal, invoke the URL obtained in the output of the previous step:

    curl http://127.0.0.1:62445 
    

    The output is similar to:

    Hello, world!
    Version: 1.0.0
    Hostname: web-55b8c6998d-8k564
    

    You can now access the sample application via the Minikube IP address and NodePort. The next step lets you access the application using the Ingress resource.

Create an Ingress

The following manifest defines an Ingress that sends traffic to your Service via hello-world.example.

  1. Create example-ingress.yaml from the following file:

    apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
    kind: Ingress
    metadata:
      name: example-ingress
    spec:
      ingressClassName: nginx
      rules:
        - host: hello-world.example
          http:
            paths:
              - path: /
                pathType: Prefix
                backend:
                  service:
                    name: web
                    port:
                      number: 8080
  2. Create the Ingress object by running the following command:

    kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/service/networking/example-ingress.yaml
    

    The output should be:

    ingress.networking.k8s.io/example-ingress created
    
  3. Verify the IP address is set:

    kubectl get ingress
    

    You should see an IPv4 address in the ADDRESS column; for example:

    NAME              CLASS   HOSTS                 ADDRESS        PORTS   AGE
    example-ingress   nginx   hello-world.example   172.17.0.15    80      38s
    
  4. Verify that the Ingress controller is directing traffic, by following the instructions for your platform:

    curl --resolve "hello-world.example:80:$( minikube ip )" -i http://hello-world.example
    

    minikube tunnel
    

    The output is similar to:

    Tunnel successfully started
    
    NOTE: Please do not close this terminal as this process must stay alive for the tunnel to be accessible ...
    
    The service/ingress example-ingress requires privileged ports to be exposed: [80 443]
    sudo permission will be asked for it.
    Starting tunnel for service example-ingress.
    

    From within a new terminal, invoke the following command:

    curl --resolve "hello-world.example:80:127.0.0.1" -i http://hello-world.example
    

    You should see:

    Hello, world!
    Version: 1.0.0
    Hostname: web-55b8c6998d-8k564
    
  5. Optionally, you can also visit hello-world.example from your browser.

    Add a line to the bottom of the /etc/hosts file on your computer (you will need administrator access):

    Look up the external IP address as reported by minikube

      minikube ip 
    

      172.17.0.15 hello-world.example
    

    127.0.0.1 hello-world.example
    

    After you make this change, your web browser sends requests for hello-world.example URLs to Minikube.

Create a second Deployment

  1. Create another Deployment using the following command:

    kubectl create deployment web2 --image=gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:2.0
    

    The output should be:

    deployment.apps/web2 created
    

    Verify that the Deployment is in a Ready state:

    kubectl get deployment web2 
    

    The output should be similar to:

    NAME   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
    web2   1/1     1            1           16s
    
  2. Expose the second Deployment:

    kubectl expose deployment web2 --port=8080 --type=NodePort
    

    The output should be:

    service/web2 exposed
    

Edit the existing Ingress

  1. Edit the existing example-ingress.yaml manifest, and add the following lines at the end:

    - path: /v2
      pathType: Prefix
      backend:
        service:
          name: web2
          port:
            number: 8080
    
  2. Apply the changes:

    kubectl apply -f example-ingress.yaml
    

    You should see:

    ingress.networking/example-ingress configured
    

Test your Ingress

  1. Access the 1st version of the Hello World app.

    curl --resolve "hello-world.example:80:$( minikube ip )" -i http://hello-world.example
    

    minikube tunnel
    

    The output is similar to:

    Tunnel successfully started
    
    NOTE: Please do not close this terminal as this process must stay alive for the tunnel to be accessible ...
    
    The service/ingress example-ingress requires privileged ports to be exposed: [80 443]
    sudo permission will be asked for it.
    Starting tunnel for service example-ingress.
    

    From within a new terminal, invoke the following command:

    curl --resolve "hello-world.example:80:127.0.0.1" -i http://hello-world.example
    

    The output is similar to:

    Hello, world!
    Version: 1.0.0
    Hostname: web-55b8c6998d-8k564
    
  2. Access the 2nd version of the Hello World app.

    curl --resolve "hello-world.example:80:$( minikube ip )" -i http://hello-world.example/v2
    

    minikube tunnel
    

    The output is similar to:

    Tunnel successfully started
    
    NOTE: Please do not close this terminal as this process must stay alive for the tunnel to be accessible ...
    
    The service/ingress example-ingress requires privileged ports to be exposed: [80 443]
    sudo permission will be asked for it.
    Starting tunnel for service example-ingress.
    

    From within a new terminal, invoke the following command:

    curl --resolve "hello-world.example:80:127.0.0.1" -i http://hello-world.example/v2
    

    The output is similar to:

    Hello, world!
    Version: 2.0.0
    Hostname: web2-75cd47646f-t8cjk
    

What's next